PIC16F684 datasheet(46/192 Pages) MICROCHIP

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PIC16F684

DS41202F-page 44

5.1.3

SOFTWARE PROGRAMMABLE

PRESCALER

A single software programmable prescaler is available

for use with either Timer0 or the Watchdog Timer

(WDT), but not both simultaneously. The prescaler

assignment is controlled by the PSA bit of the OPTION

must be cleared to a ‘0’.

There are 8 prescaler options for the Timer0 module

ranging from 1:2 to 1:256. The prescale values are

selectable via the PS<2:0> bits of the OPTION register.

In order to have a 1:1 prescaler value for the Timer0

module, the prescaler must be assigned to the WDT

module.

The prescaler is not readable or writable. When

assigned to the Timer0 module, all instructions writing to

the TMR0 register will clear the prescaler.

When the prescaler is assigned to WDT, a CLRWDT

instruction will clear the prescaler along with the WDT.

5.1.3.1

Switching Prescaler Between

Timer0 and WDT Modules

As a result of having the prescaler assigned to either

Timer0 or the WDT, it is possible to generate an

unintended device Reset when switching prescaler

values. When changing the prescaler assignment from

Timer0 to the WDT module, the instruction sequence

shown in Example 5-1 must be executed.

EXAMPLE 5-1:

CHANGING PRESCALER

(TIMER0

→ WDT)

When changing the prescaler assignment from the

WDT to the Timer0 module, the following instruction

sequence must be executed (see Example 5-2).

EXAMPLE 5-2:

CHANGING PRESCALER

(WDT

→ TIMER0)

5.1.4

TIMER0 INTERRUPT

Timer0 will generate an interrupt when the TMR0

flag bit of the INTCON register is set every time the

TMR0 register overflows, regardless of whether or not

the Timer0 interrupt is enabled. The T0IF bit must be

cleared in software. The Timer0 interrupt enable is the

T0IE bit of the INTCON register.

5.1.5

USING TIMER0 WITH AN

EXTERNAL CLOCK

When Timer0 is in Counter mode, the synchronization

of the T0CKI input and the Timer0 register is accom-

plished by sampling the prescaler output on the Q2 and

Q4 cycles of the internal phase clocks. Therefore, the

high and low periods of the external clock source must

meet

the

timing

requirements

shown

Section 15.0 “Electrical Specifications”.

BANKSEL

TMR0

;

CLRWDT

;Clear WDT

CLRF

TMR0

;Clear TMR0 and

;

prescaler

BANKSEL

OPTION_REG

;

BSF

OPTION_REG,PSA

;Select WDT

CLRWDT

;

MOVLW

b’11111000’

;Mask prescaler

ANDWF

OPTION_REG,W

;

bits

IORLW

b’00000101’

;Set WDT prescaler

MOVWF

OPTION_REG

;

to 1:32

Note:

The Timer0 interrupt cannot wake the

processor from Sleep since the timer is

frozen during Sleep.

CLRWDT

;Clear WDT and

;prescaler

BANKSEL OPTION_REG

;

MOVLW

b’11110000’

;Mask TMR0 select and

ANDWF

OPTION_REG,W ; prescaler bits

IORLW

b’00000011’

;Set prescale to 1:16

MOVWF

OPTION_REG

;

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