AD9522-5SLASHPCBZ datasheet(32/76 Pages) AD

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AD9522-5

Rev. 0 | Page 32 of 76

Table 25. How a 10 MHz Reference Input Can Be Locked to Any Integer Multiple of N

fREF (MHz)

fVCO (MHz)

Mode

Notes

P = 1, B = 1 (bypassed)

P = 2, B = 1 (bypassed)

P = 1, B = 3

P = 1, B = 4

P = 1, B = 5

P = 2, B = 3

P and P + 1 = 2 and 3, A = 0, B = 3

P and P + 1 = 2 and 3, A = 1, B = 3

P and P + 1 = 2 and 3, A = 2, B = 3

P and P + 1 = 2 and 3, A = 1, B = 4

100

P = 2, B = 5

100

P and P + 1 = 2 and 3, A = 0, B = 5

110

P and P + 1 = 2 and 3, A = 1, B = 5

120

P = 2, B = 6

120

P and P + 1 = 2 and 3, A = 0, B = 6

120

P and P + 1 = 4 and 5, A = 0, B = 3

130

P and P + 1 = 4 and 5, A = 1, B = 3

1 X = don’t care.

Digital Lock Detect (DLD)

By selecting the proper output through the mux on each pin, the

DLD function is available at the LD, STATUS, and REFMON pins.

The digital lock detect circuit indicates a lock when the time

difference of the rising edges at the PFD inputs is less than a

specified value (the lock threshold). The loss of a lock is indicated

when the time difference exceeds a specified value (the unlock

threshold). Note that the unlock threshold is wider than the

lock threshold, which allows some phase error in excess of the

lock window to occur without chattering on the lock indicator.

The lock detect window timing depends on the value of the

CPRSET resistor, as well as three settings: the digital lock

detect window bit (0x018[4]), the antibacklash pulse width

bit (0x017[1:0], see Table 2), and the lock detect counter

(0x018[6:5]). The lock and unlock detection values in Table 2

are for the nominal value of CPRSET = 5.1 kΩ. Doubling the

CPRSET value to 10 kΩ doubles the values in Table 2.

A lock is not indicated until there is a programmable number of

consecutive PFD cycles with a time difference less than the lock

detect threshold. The lock detect circuit continues to indicate a

lock until a time difference greater than the unlock threshold

occurs on a single subsequent cycle. For the lock detect to work

properly, the period of the PFD frequency must be greater than

the unlock threshold. The number of consecutive PFD cycles

required for lock is programmable (0x018[6:5]).

Note that it is possible in certain low (<500 Hz) loop bandwidth,

high phase margin cases that the DLD can chatter during acqui-

sition, which can cause the AD9522 to automatically enter and exit

holdover. To avoid this problem, it is recommended that the

user make provisions for a capacitor to ground on the LD pin so

that current source digital lock detect (CSDLD) mode can be used.

Analog Lock Detect (ALD)

The AD9522 provides an ALD function that can be selected for

use at the LD pin. There are two operating modes for ALD.

•

N-channel open-drain lock detect. This signal requires a

pull-up resistor to the positive supply, VS. The output is

normally high with short, low going pulses. Lock is

indicated by the minimum duty cycle of the low going pulses.

•

P-channel open-drain lock detect. This signal requires a

pull-down resistor to GND. The output is normally low with

short, high going pulses. Lock is indicated by the minimum

duty cycle of the high going pulses.

The analog lock detect function requires an RC filter to provide a

logic level indicating lock/unlock. The ADIsimCLK tool can be

used to help the user select the right passive component values

for ALD to ensure its correct operation.

AD9522

ALD

VOUT

VS = 3.3V

Figure 31. Example of Analog Lock Detect Filter Using

N-Channel Open-Drain Driver

Current Source Digital Lock Detect (CSDLD)

During the PLL locking sequence, it is normal for the DLD

signal to toggle a number of times before remaining steady

when the PLL is completely locked and stable. There may be

applications where it is desirable to have DLD asserted only

after the PLL is solidly locked. This is possible by using the

current source digital lock detect function.

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