HT45F2020 datasheet(21/85 Pages) HOLTEK

21 / 85 page

Rev. 1.00

April 11, 2017

Rev. 1.00

April 11, 2017

HT45F2020/HT45F2022

Sound Effect Generator Flash MCU

HT45F2020/HT45F2022

Sound Effect Generator Flash MCU

Accumulator – ACC

TheAccumulatoriscentraltotheoperationofanymicrocontrollerandiscloselyrelatedwith

operationscarriedoutbytheALU.TheAccumulatoristheplacewhereallintermediateresults

fromtheALUarestored.WithouttheAccumulatoritwouldbenecessarytowritetheresultof

eachcalculationorlogicaloperationsuchasaddition,subtraction,shift,etc.,totheDataMemory

resultinginhigherprogrammingandtimingoverheads.Datatransferoperationsusuallyinvolve

thetemporarystoragefunctionoftheAccumulator;forexample,whentransferringdatabetween

oneuser-definedregisterandanother,itisnecessarytodothisbypassingthedatathroughthe

Accumulatorasnodirecttransferbetweentworegistersispermitted.

Program Counter Low Register – PCL

Toprovideadditionalprogramcontrolfunctions,thelowbyteoftheProgramCounterismade

accessibletoprogrammersbylocatingitwithintheSpecialPurposeareaoftheDataMemory.By

manipulatingthisregister,directjumpstootherprogramlocationsareeasilyimplemented.Loading

avaluedirectlyintothisPCLregisterwillcauseajumptothespecifiedProgramMemorylocation,

however,astheregisterisonly8-bitwide,onlyjumpswithinthecurrentProgramMemorypageare

permitted.Whensuchoperationsareused,notethatadummycyclewillbeinserted.

Look-up Table Registers – TBLP, TBLH

Thesetwospecialfunctionregistersareusedtocontroloperationofthelook-uptablewhichis

storedintheProgramMemory.TBLPisthetablepointersandindicatethelocationwherethetable

dataislocated.Itsvaluemustbesetupbeforeanytablereadcommandsareexecuted.Itsvalue

canbechanged,forexampleusingthe“INC”or“DEC”instructions,allowingforeasytabledata

pointingandreading.TBLHisthelocationwherethehighorderbyteofthetabledataisstored

afteratablereaddatainstructionhasbeenexecuted.Notethatthelowerordertabledatabyteis

transferredtoauserdefinedlocation.

Status Register – STATUS

This8-bitregistercontainsthezeroflag(Z),carryflag(C),auxiliarycarryflag(AC),overflowflag

(OV),powerdownflag(PDF),andwatchdogtime-outflag(TO).Thesearithmetic/logicaloperation

andsystemmanagementflagsareusedtorecordthestatusandoperationofthemicrocontroller.

WiththeexceptionoftheTOandPDFflags,bitsinthestatusregistercanbealteredbyinstructions

likemostotherregisters.AnydatawrittenintothestatusregisterwillnotchangetheTOorPDFflag.

Inaddition,operationsrelatedtothestatusregistermaygivedifferentresultsduetothedifferent

instructionoperations.TheTOflagcanbeaffectedonlybyasystempower-up,aWDTtime-outor

byexecutingthe“CLRWDT”or“HALT”instruction.ThePDFflagisaffectedonlybyexecuting

the“HALT”or“CLRWDT”instructionorduringasystempower-up.

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