P89C51RC2BASLASH01 datasheet(34/68 Pages) PHILIPS

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Philips Semiconductors

Preliminary data

P89C51RA2/RB2/RC2/RD2xx

80C51 8-bit Flash microcontroller family

8KB/16KB/32KB/64KB ISP/IAP Flash with 512B/512B/512B/1KB RAM

2002 Jul 18

Programmable Counter Array (PCA)

The Programmable Counter Array available on the

P89C51RA2/RB2/RC2/RD2xx is a special 16-bit Timer that has five

16-bit capture/compare modules associated with it. Each of the

modules can be programmed to operate in one of four modes: rising

and/or falling edge capture, software timer, high-speed output, or

pulse width modulator. Each module has a pin associated with it in

port 1. Module 0 is connected to P1.3 (CEX0), module 1 to P1.4

(CEX1), etc. The basic PCA configuration is shown in Figure 25.

The PCA timer is a common time base for all five modules and can

be programmed to run at: 1/6 the oscillator frequency, 1/2 the

oscillator frequency, the Timer 0 overflow, or the input on the ECI pin

(P1.2). The timer count source is determined from the CPS1 and

CPS0 bits in the CMOD SFR as follows (see Figure 28):

CPS1 CPS0 PCA Timer Count Source

1/6 oscillator frequency (6-clock mode);

1/12 oscillator frequency (12-clock mode)

1/2 oscillator frequency (6-clock mode);

1/4 oscillator frequency (12-clock mode)

Timer 0 overflow

External Input at ECI pin

In the CMOD SFR are three additional bits associated with the PCA.

They are CIDL which allows the PCA to stop during idle mode,

WDTE which enables or disables the watchdog function on

module 4, and ECF which when set causes an interrupt and the

PCA overflow flag CF (in the CCON SFR) to be set when the PCA

timer overflows. These functions are shown in Figure 26.

The watchdog timer function is implemented in module 4 (see

Figure 35).

The CCON SFR contains the run control bit for the PCA and the

flags for the PCA timer (CF) and each module (refer to Figure 29).

To run the PCA the CR bit (CCON.6) must be set by software. The

PCA is shut off by clearing this bit. The CF bit (CCON.7) is set when

the PCA counter overflows and an interrupt will be generated if the

ECF bit in the CMOD register is set, The CF bit can only be cleared

by software. Bits 0 through 4 of the CCON register are the flags for

the modules (bit 0 for module 0, bit 1 for module 1, etc.) and are set

by hardware when either a match or a capture occurs. These flags

also can only be cleared by software. The PCA interrupt system

shown in Figure 27.

Each module in the PCA has a special function register associated

with it. These registers are: CCAPM0 for module 0, CCAPM1 for

module 1, etc. (see Figure 30). The registers contain the bits that

control the mode that each module will operate in. The ECCF bit

(CCAPMn.0 where n=0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the module)

enables the CCF flag in the CCON SFR to generate an interrupt

when a match or compare occurs in the associated module. PWM

(CCAPMn.1) enables the pulse width modulation mode. The TOG

bit (CCAPMn.2) when set causes the CEX output associated with

the module to toggle when there is a match between the PCA

counter and the module’s capture/compare register. The match bit

MAT (CCAPMn.3) when set will cause the CCFn bit in the CCON

and the module’s capture/compare register.

The next two bits CAPN (CCAPMn.4) and CAPP (CCAPMn.5)

determine the edge that a capture input will be active on. The CAPN

bit enables the negative edge, and the CAPP bit enables the positive

edge. If both bits are set both edges will be enabled and a capture will

occur for either transition. The last bit in the register ECOM

(CCAPMn.6) when set enables the comparator function. Figure 31

shows the CCAPMn settings for the various PCA functions.

There are two additional registers associated with each of the PCA

modules. They are CCAPnH and CCAPnL and these are the

registers that store the 16-bit count when a capture occurs or a

compare should occur. When a module is used in the PWM mode

these registers are used to control the duty cycle of the output.

MODULE FUNCTIONS:

16-BIT CAPTURE

16-BIT TIMER

16-BIT HIGH SPEED OUTPUT

8-BIT PWM

WATCHDOG TIMER (MODULE 4 ONLY)

MODULE 0

MODULE 1

MODULE 2

MODULE 3

MODULE 4

P1.3/CEX0

P1.4/CEX1

P1.5/CEX2

P1.6/CEX3

P1.7/CEX4

16 BITS

PCA TIMER/COUNTER

TIME BASE FOR PCA MODULES

16 BITS

SU00032

Figure 25. Programmable Counter Array (PCA)

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