HT45F5R datasheet(22/138 Pages) HOLTEK

22 / 138 page

Rev. 1.10

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Rev. 1.10

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HT45F5R

Charger ASSP Flash MCU

HT45F5R

Charger ASSP Flash MCU

Stack

ThisisaspecialpartofthememorywhichisusedtosavethecontentsoftheProgramCounter

only.Thestackisorganizedinto8levelsandneitherpartofthedatanorpartoftheprogramspace,

andisneitherreadablenorwriteable.TheactivatedlevelisindexedbytheStackPointer,andis

neitherreadablenorwriteable.Atasubroutinecallorinterruptacknowledgesignal,thecontentsof

theProgramCounterarepushedontothestack.Attheendofasubroutineoraninterruptroutine,

signaledbyareturninstruction,RETorRETI,theProgramCounterisrestoredtoitspreviousvalue

fromthestack.Afteradevicereset,theStackPointerwillpointtothetopofthestack.

Ifthestackisfullandanenabledinterrupttakesplace,theinterruptrequestflagwillberecorded

buttheacknowledgesignalwillbeinhibited.WhentheStackPointerisdecremented,byRETor

RETI,theinterruptwillbeserviced.Thisfeaturepreventsstackoverflowallowingtheprogrammer

tousethestructuremoreeasily.However,whenthestackisfull,aCALLsubroutineinstructioncan

stillbeexecutedwhichwillresultinastackoverflow.Precautionsshouldbetakentoavoidsuch

caseswhichmightcauseunpredictableprogrambranching.Ifthestackisoverflow,thefirstProgram

Countersaveinthestackwillbelost.

Sta�k

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Sta�k Level 1

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Sta�k Level 8

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Arithmetic and Logic Unit – ALU

Thearithmetic-logicunitorALUisacriticalareaofthemicrocontrollerthatcarriesoutarithmetic

andlogicoperationsoftheinstructionset.Connectedtothemainmicrocontrollerdatabus,theALU

receivesrelatedinstructioncodesandperformstherequiredarithmeticorlogicaloperationsafter

whichtheresultwillbeplacedinthespecifiedregister.AstheseALUcalculationoroperationsmay

resultincarry,borroworotherstatuschanges,thestatusregisterwillbecorrespondinglyupdatedto

reflectthesechanges.TheALUsupportsthefollowingfunctions:

• Arithmeticoperations:ADD,ADDM,ADC,ADCM,SUB,SUBM,SBC,SBCM,DAA

• Logicoperations:AND,OR,XOR,ANDM,ORM,XORM,CPL,CPLA

• Rotation:RRA,RR,RRCA,RRC,RLA,RL,RLCA,RLC

• IncrementandDecrement:INCA,INC,DECA,DEC

• Branchdecision:JMP,SZ,SZA,SNZ,SIZ,SDZ,SIZA,SDZA,CALL,RET,RETI

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