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AD7944

Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 28

DIGITAL INTERFACE

Although the AD7944 has a reduced number of pins, it offers

flexibility in its serial interface modes.

In CS mode, the AD7944 is compatible with SPI, MICROWIRE™,

QSPI™, and digital hosts. In CS mode, the AD7944 can use either

a 3-wire or a 4-wire interface. A 3-wire interface that uses the

CNV, SCK, and SDO signals minimizes wiring connections,

which is useful, for example, in isolated applications. A 4-wire

interface that uses the SDI, CNV, SCK, and SDO signals allows

CNV, which initiates conversions, to be independent of the

readback timing (SDI). This is useful in low jitter sampling or

simultaneous sampling applications.

In chain mode, the AD7944 provides a daisy-chain feature that

uses the SDI input for cascading multiple ADCs on a single data

line similar to a shift register. Chain mode is available only in

normal conversion mode (TURBO low).

The mode in which the part operates depends on the SDI level

when the CNV rising edge occurs. CS mode is selected if SDI

is high, and chain mode is selected if SDI is low. The SDI hold

time is such that when SDI and CNV are connected together,

chain mode is always selected.

In normal mode operation, the AD7944 offers the option of

forcing a start bit in front of the data bits. This start bit can be

used as a busy signal indicator to interrupt the digital host and

trigger the data reading. Otherwise, without a busy indicator,

the user must time out the maximum conversion time prior to

readback.

The busy indicator feature is enabled in CS mode if CNV or

SDI is low when the ADC conversion ends (see

and

). TURBO must be kept low for both digital interfaces.

Figure 29

Figure 33

Table 9 lists the availability of each serial interface mode, with

and without the busy indicator, for the two conversion modes.

Table 9. Serial Interface Modes (CS and Chain Mode) for

Each Conversion Mode (Turbo and Normal)

Serial Interface Mode

Conversion Mode

Turbo Mode

Normal Mode

CS Mode, 3-Wire

Without Busy Indicator

Yes

With Busy Indicator

Yes

CS Mode, 4-Wire

Without Busy Indicator

Yes

With Busy Indicator

Yes

Chain Mode

Without Busy Indicator

Yes

With Busy Indicator

Yes

When CNV is low, readback can occur during conversion or

acquisition, or it can be split across acquisition and conversion,

as described in the following sections.

A discontinuous SCK is recommended because the part is selected

with CNV low, and SCK activity begins to clock out data.

Note that in the following sections, the timing diagrams indicate

digital activity (SCK, CNV, SDI, and SDO) during the conversion.

However, due to the possibility of performance degradation,

digital activity should occur only prior to the safe data reading

time, tDATA, because the AD7944 provides error correction

circuitry that can correct for an incorrect bit decision during

this time. From tDATA to tCONV, there is no error correction, and

conversion results may be corrupted.

Similarly, tQUIET, the time from the last falling edge of SCK to

the rising edge of CNV, must remain free of digital activity.

The user should configure the AD7944 and initiate the busy

indicator (if desired in normal mode) prior to tDATA.

It is also possible to corrupt the sample by having SCK near the

sampling instant. Therefore, it is recommended that the digital

pins be kept quiet for approximately 20 ns before and 10 ns after

the rising edge of CNV, using a discontinuous SCK whenever

possible to avoid any potential performance degradation.

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