HT45F0057 datasheet(13/88 Pages) HOLTEK

13 / 88 page

Rev. 1.00

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HT45F0057

Induction Cooker Flash MCU

HT45F0057

Induction Cooker Flash MCU

Fet�h Inst. (PC)

(System Clo�k)

fSYS

Phase Clo�k T1

Phase Clo�k T�

Phase Clo�k T3

Phase Clo�k T4

P�og�am Counte�

PC+1

PC+�

Pipelining

Exe�ute Inst. (PC-1)

Fet�h Inst. (PC+1)

Exe�ute Inst. (PC)

Fet�h Inst. (PC+�)

Exe�ute Inst. (PC+1)

System Clocking and Pipelining

For instructions involving branches, such as jump or call instructions, two machine cycles are

required to complete instruction execution. An extra cycle is required as the program takes one

cycle to first obtain the actual jump or call address and then another cycle to actually execute the

branch. The requirement for this extra cycle should be taken into account by programmers in timing

sensitive applications.

Fet�h Inst. 1

M�V A�[1�H]

�

CALL DELAY

CPL [1�H]

6 DELAY: N�P

Exe�ute Inst. 1

Fet�h Inst. �

Exe�ute Inst. �

Fet�h Inst. 3

Flush Pipeline

Fet�h Inst. 6

Exe�ute Inst. 6

Fet�h Inst. �

Instruction Fetching

Program Counter

During program execution, the Program Counter is used to keep track of the address of the next

instruction to be executed. It is automatically incremented by one each time an instruction is ex-

ecuted except for instructions, such as “JMP” or “CALL” that demands a jump to a non-consecutive

Program Memory address. Only the lower 8 bits, known as the Program Counter Low Register, are

directly addressable by the application program.

When executing instructions requiring jumps to non-consecutive addresses such as a jump

instruction, a subroutine call, interrupt or reset, etc., the microcontroller manages program control

by loading the required address into the Program Counter. For conditional skip instructions, once

the condition has been met, the next instruction, which has already been fetched during the present

instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle takes its place while the correct instruction is

obtained.

Program Counter

Program Counter High Byte

PCL Register

PC11~PC8

PCL�~PCL0

Program Counter

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