ATmega165 datasheet(127/336 Pages) ATMEL

127 / 336 page

127

ATmega165/V

2573G–AVR–07/09

The Timer/Counter Overflow Flag (TOV2) is set each time the counter reaches MAX. If

the interrupt is enabled, the interrupt handler routine can be used for updating the com-

pare value.

In fast PWM mode, the compare unit allows generation of PWM waveforms on the

OC2A pin. Setting the COM2A1:0 bits to two will produce a non-inverted PWM and an

inverted PWM output can be generated by setting the COM2A1:0 to three (See Table 56

on page 132). The actual OC2A value will only be visible on the port pin if the data direc-

tion for the port pin is set as output. The PWM waveform is generated by setting (or

clearing) the OC2A Register at the compare match between OCR2A and TCNT2, and

clearing (or setting) the OC2A Register at the timer clock cycle the counter is cleared

(changes from MAX to BOTTOM).

The PWM frequency for the output can be calculated by the following equation:

The N variable represents the prescale factor (1, 8, 32, 64, 128, 256, or 1024).

The extreme values for the OCR2A Register represent special cases when generating a

PWM waveform output in the fast PWM mode. If the OCR2A is set equal to BOTTOM,

the output will be a narrow spike for each MAX+1 timer clock cycle. Setting the OCR2A

equal to MAX will result in a constantly high or low output (depending on the polarity of

the output set by the COM2A1:0 bits.)

A frequency (with 50% duty cycle) waveform output in fast PWM mode can be achieved

by setting OC2A to toggle its logical level on each compare match (COM2A1:0 = 1). The

waveform generated will have a maximum frequency of f

oc2 = fclk_I/O/2 when OCR2A is

set to zero. This feature is similar to the OC2A toggle in CTC mode, except the double

buffer feature of the Output Compare unit is enabled in the fast PWM mode.

Phase Correct PWM Mode

The phase correct PWM mode (WGM21:0 = 1) provides a high resolution phase correct

PWM waveform generation option. The phase correct PWM mode is based on a dual-

slope operation. The counter counts repeatedly from BOTTOM to MAX and then from

MAX to BOTTOM. In non-inverting Compare Output mode, the Output Compare (OC2A)

is cleared on the compare match between TCNT2 and OCR2A while upcounting, and

set on the compare match while downcounting. In inverting Output Compare mode, the

operation is inverted. The dual-slope operation has lower maximum operation frequency

than single slope operation. However, due to the symmetric feature of the dual-slope

PWM modes, these modes are preferred for motor control applications.

The PWM resolution for the phase correct PWM mode is fixed to eight bits. In phase

correct PWM mode the counter is incremented until the counter value matches MAX.

When the counter reaches MAX, it changes the count direction. The TCNT2 value will

be equal to MAX for one timer clock cycle. The timing diagram for the phase correct

PWM mode is shown on Figure 59. The TCNT2 value is in the timing diagram shown as

a histogram for illustrating the dual-slope operation. The diagram includes non-inverted

and inverted PWM outputs. The small horizontal line marks on the TCNT2 slopes repre-

sent compare matches between OCR2A and TCNT2.

fOCnxPWM

clk_I/O

N 256

⋅

------------------

ATmega165 датащи(PDF) 127 Page - ATMEL Corporation

ATmega165 датащи(HTML) 127 Page - ATMEL Corporation

Html Pages

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 ...More

датащи скачать

ссылки URL