DOC7707 datasheet(109/307 Pages) ETC1

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109

7707F–AVR–11/10

AT90USB82/162

See “Output Compare Units” on page 116.. The compare match event will also set the Compare

Match Flag (OCFnA/B/C) which can be used to generate an Output Compare interrupt request.

The Input Capture Register can capture the Timer/Counter value at a given external (edge trig-

gered) event on either the Input Capture pin (ICPn) or on the Analog Comparator pins (See

“Analog Comparator” on page 223.) The Input Capture unit includes a digital filtering unit (Noise

Canceler) for reducing the chance of capturing noise spikes.

The TOP value, or maximum Timer/Counter value, can in some modes of operation be defined

by either the OCRnA Register, the ICRn Register, or by a set of fixed values. When using

OCRnA as TOP value in a PWM mode, the OCRnA Register can not be used for generating a

PWM output. However, the TOP value will in this case be double buffered allowing the TOP

value to be changed in run time. If a fixed TOP value is required, the ICRn Register can be used

as an alternative, freeing the OCRnA to be used as PWM output.

15.1.2

Definitions

The following definitions are used extensively throughout the document:

15.2

Accessing 16-bit Registers

The TCNTn, OCRnA/B/C, and ICRn are 16-bit registers that can be accessed by the AVR CPU

via the 8-bit data bus. The 16-bit register must be byte accessed using two read or write opera-

tions. Each 16-bit timer has a single 8-bit register for temporary storing of the high byte of the 16-

bit access. The same Temporary Register is shared between all 16-bit registers within each 16-

bit timer. Accessing the low byte triggers the 16-bit read or write operation. When the low byte of

a 16-bit register is written by the CPU, the high byte stored in the Temporary Register, and the

low byte written are both copied into the 16-bit register in the same clock cycle. When the low

byte of a 16-bit register is read by the CPU, the high byte of the 16-bit register is copied into the

Temporary Register in the same clock cycle as the low byte is read.

Not all 16-bit accesses uses the Temporary Register for the high byte. Reading the OCRnA/B/C

16-bit registers does not involve using the Temporary Register.

To do a 16-bit write, the high byte must be written before the low byte. For a 16-bit read, the low

byte must be read before the high byte.

The following code examples show how to access the 16-bit timer registers assuming that no

interrupts updates the temporary register. The same principle can be used directly for accessing

the OCRnA/B/C and ICRn Registers. Note that when using “C”, the compiler handles the 16-bit

access.

BOTTOM

The counter reaches the BOTTOM when it becomes 0x0000.

MAX

The counter reaches its MAXimum when it becomes 0xFFFF (decimal 65535).

TOP

The counter reaches the TOP when it becomes equal to the highest value in the count

sequence. The TOP value can be assigned to be one of the fixed values: 0x00FF,

0x01FF, or 0x03FF, or to the value stored in the OCRnA or ICRn Register. The

assignment is dependent of the mode of operation.

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