MCP3901 datasheet(16/60 Pages) MICROCHIP

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MCP3901

DS22192A-page 16

3.4

ADC Differential Analog inputs

(CHn+/CHn-)

CH0- and CH0+, and CH1- and CH1+, are the two

fully-differential

analog

voltage

inputs

for

the

Delta-Sigma ADCs.

The linear and specified region of the channels are

dependent on the PGA gain. This region corresponds

to a differential voltage range of ±500 mV/GAIN with

VREF=2.4V.

The maximum absolute voltage, with respect to AGND,

for each CHn+/- input pin is +/-1V with no distortion and

+/-6V with no breaking after continuous voltage.

3.5

Analog Ground (AGND)

AGND is the ground connection to internal analog

circuitry (ADCs, PGA, voltage reference, POR). To

ensure accuracy and noise cancellation, this pin must

be connected to the same ground as DGND, preferably

with a star connection. If an analog ground plane is

available, it is recommended that this pin be tied to this

plane of the PCB. This plane should also reference all

other analog circuitry in the system.

3.6

Non-inverting Reference Input,

Internal Reference Output

(REFIN+/OUT)

This pin is the non-inverting side of the differential

voltage reference input for both ADCs or the internal

voltage reference output.

When VREFEXT=1, and an external voltage reference

source can be used, the internal voltage reference is

disabled. When using an external differential voltage

reference, it should be connected to its VREF+ pin.

When using an external single-ended reference, it

should be connected to this pin.

When VREFEXT=0, the internal voltage reference is

enabled and connected to this pin through a switch.

This voltage reference has minimal drive capability and

thus needs proper buffering and bypass capacitances

(10 µF tantalum in parallel with 0.1 µF ceramic) if used

as a voltage source.

For optimal performance, bypass capacitances should

be connected between this pin and AGND at all times

even when the internal voltage reference is used.

However, these capacitors are not mandatory to

ensure proper operation.

3.7

Inverting Reference Input (REFIN-)

This pin is the inverting side of the differential voltage

reference input for both ADCs. When using an external

differential voltage reference, it should be connected to

its VREF- pin. When using an external single-ended

voltage reference, or when VREFEXT=0 (Default) and

using the internal voltage reference, this pin should be

directly connected to AGND.

3.8

Digital Ground Connection

(DGND)

DGND is the ground connection to internal digital

circuitry (SINC filters, oscillator, serial interface). To

ensure accuracy and noise cancellation, DGND must

be connected to the same ground as AGND, preferably

with a star connection. If a digital ground plane is

available, it is recommended that this pin be tied to this

plane of the Printed Circuit Board (PCB). This plane

should also reference all other digital circuitry in the

system.

3.9

Modulator Data Output Pin for

Channel 1 and Channel 0 (MDAT1/

MDAT0)

MDAT0 and MDAT1 are the output pins for the modula-

tor serial bitstreams of ADC channels 0 and 1, respec-

tively. These pins are high impedance by default. When

the MODOUT<1:0> are enabled, the modulator bit-

stream of the corresponding channel is present on the

pin and updated at the AMCLK frequency. (See

Section 5.4 “Modulator Output Block” for a com-

plete description of the modulator outputs). These pins

can be directly connected to a MCU or DSP when a

specific digital filtering is needed.

3.10

DR (Data Ready Pin)

The data ready pin indicates if a new conversion result

is ready to be read. The default state of this pin is high

when DR_HIZN=1 and is high impedance when

DR_HIZN=0 (Default). After

each conversion is

finished, a low pulse will take place on the data ready

pin to indicate the conversion result is ready as an

interrupt. This pulse is synchronous with the master

clock and has a defined and constant width.

The data ready pin is independent of the SPI interface

and acts like an interrupt output.The data ready pin

state is not latched and the pulse width (and period) are

both

determined

the

MCLK

frequency,

over-sampling rate, and internal clock pre-scale

settings. The DR pulse width is equal to one DMCLK

period and the frequency of the pulses is equal to

DRCLK (see Figure 1-3).

Note:

This pin should not be left floating when

DR_HIZN bit is low; a 1 k

Ω pull-up resistor

connected to DVDD is recommended.

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