ADL5906ACPZN-R2 datasheet(16/30 Pages) AD

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Data Sheet

ADL5906

THEORY OF OPERATION

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Rev. B | 16 of 30

The ADL5906 is functionally nearly identical to the ADL5906 but

has a broader frequency range (10 MHz to 10 GHz). It is a true

rms responding detector with a 67 dB measurement range at 2.14

GHz and a greater than 57 dB measurement range at frequencies

up to 5.8 GHz. It is pin compatible with the ADL5902 and AD8363.

Transfer function peak-to-peak ripple is <±0.3 dB over the entire

dynamic range. Temperature stability of the rms output measure-

ments provides <±1 dB error typical over the temperature range of

−40°C to +125°C up to 3.5 GHz. The device accurately measures

waveforms that have a high peak-to-rms ratio (crest factor).

The ADL5906 consists of a high performance automatic gain con-

trol (AGC) loop. As shown in Figure 41, the AGC loop comprises a

wide bandwidth variable gain amplifier (VGA), square law detectors,

an amplitude target circuit, and an output driver.

The nomenclature used in this data sheet to distinguish between a

pin name and the signal on that pin is as follows:

►

The pin name is all uppercase, for example, CRMS, VSET, and

VRMS.

►

The signal name or a value associated with that pin is the pin

mnemonic with a partial subscript, for example, CRMS, VSET, and

VRMS.

SQUARE LAW DETECTOR AND AMPLITUDE

TARGET

The VGA gain has the form

GSET = GO e− (VSET/VGNS)

(1)

where:

GO is the basic fixed gain.

VGNS is a scaling voltage that defines the gain slope (the decibel

change per voltage). The gain decreases with increasing VSET.

The VGA output is

VSIG = GSET × RFIN = GO × RFIN e− (VSET/VGNS)

(2)

where RFIN is the ac voltage applied to the input terminals of the

ADL5906.

The output of the VGA, VSIG, is applied to a wideband square

law detector. The detector provides the true rms response of the

RF input signal, independent of waveform. The detector output,

ISQR, is a fluctuating current with a positive mean value. The

difference between ISQR and an internally generated current, ITGT,

is integrated by the parallel combination of CF and the external

capacitor attached to the CRMS pin at the summing node. CF is an

on-chip 26 pF filter capacitor, and CRMS, the external capacitance

connected to the CRMS pin, can be used to arbitrarily increase the

averaging time while trading off with the response time. When the

AGC loop is at equilibrium

Mean(ISQR) = ITGT

(3)

This equilibrium occurs only when

Mean(VSIG2) = VTGT2

(4)

where VTGT is the voltage presented at the VTGT pin. This pin

can conveniently be connected to the VREF pin through a voltage

divider to establish a target rms voltage, VATG, of ~40 mV rms when

VTGT = 0.8 V.

Because the square law detectors are electrically identical and

well matched, process and temperature dependent variations are

effectively cancelled.

Figure 41. Simplified Architecture Details

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