1. General Operating Instructions

1.1 Operating Temperature Range

The recommended operating temperature range for PowerSafe® SBS

EON Technology™ batteries in hybrid applications is -40°C to +50°C.

Optimum life and performance are attained at +20°C, however, with

the correct controls in place, cyclic performance in hybrid

applications is not impacted by elevated temperatures (providing that

the maximum battery temperature is not allowed to exceed +50°C).

1.2 Storage

PowerSafe SBS EON Technology battery types have a shelf life of 2

years when stored at 20°C. Higher temperatures increase the rate of

self discharge and reduce storage life.

Figure 1 gives the relationship between storage time, open circuit

voltage (OCV) and state of charge as a function of temperature.

1.3 Freshening Charge

PowerSafe SBS EON Technology battery types must be given a

freshing charge when the OCV approaches 2.10 Volts/cell or when

maximum storage time is reached (whichever occurs first).

The freshening charge should be conducted using constant voltage in

the range of 2.29 to 2.40 volts per cell for a period of 24 hours. The

charge current should be limited to a value expressed numerically in

Amps as 10% of the 10 hour capacity rating of the battery (ie. 19

Amps for SBS 190F).

The maximum storage times between refresh charge and

recommended OCV audit frequency is given in the table below.

Temperature

Storage Time

OCV Audit Interval

(°C / °F)

(Months)

(Months)

+10 / +50

48

6

+15 / +59

34

6

+20 / +68

24

4

+25 / +77

17

4

+30 / +86

12

3

+35 / +95

8.5

2

+40 / +104

6

2

1.4 Commissioning

Prior to commencement of cyclic duty, the battery must be given a

commissioning charge. This shall consist of 24 hours charge at a

voltage equivalent to 2.40 Volts/cell with no load connected.

1.5 Fast Charging

Fast charge techniques must be used for frequent discharge cyclic

applications. In such applications the rectifier output voltage should

be set at 2.40 Volts/cell (20°C).

1.6 Current Limit

Inherent low internal resistance allows PowerSafe SBS EON

Technology battery types to accept in-rush currents up to 600% C10

amps (e.g. PowerSafe SBS 190F in-rush current up to 1140 Amps).

For reliable cyclic performance and to achieve maximum cycle life

potential, the acceptable recharge current limit range is 0.1 to 1C10

Amps (e.g. for PowerSafe SBS 190F the recharge current range is

19 Amps to 190 Amps per series string).

1.7 Disposal

PowerSafe SBS EON Technology batteries are recyclable. End of life

batteries must be packaged and transported according to prevailing

transportation rules and regulations. End of life batteries must be

disposed of in compliance with local and national laws by a licensed

battery recycler.

2. Cyclic Operation Guidelines

2.1 Cyclic Performance

PowerSafe SBS EON Technology has been developed from proven

SBS Thin Plate Pure Lead (TPPL) technology, to provide the added

capability of delivering higher levels of cyclic performance as

illustrated in figure 2.

In order to achieve the cycle life shown in figure 2 PowerSafe SBS

EON Technology batteries must be returned to full state of charge

using the charge regime options recommended by EnerSys® prior to

commencement of the next discharge cycle. Operating at partial state

of charge will significantly reduce cycle life.

2.2 Discharge

Depth of discharge must be measured using an Ah counting device,

with an accuracy ±1% of full range of expected discharge cycle

currents. The classification of the shunt should be minimum of 0.2.

A low voltage disconnect should be used to protect the battery from

abusive deep discharge (typically 1.75 Volts/cell).

2.3 Recharge

Optimum cycle life (figure 2) is achieved by controlling the amount of

recharge back into the battery to a level where 103% of discharged

Ah is returned. Controlled recharge can be achieved by Ah counting

using a device capable of measuring float current equivalent to

100mA/100Ah of installed battery capacity.

Alternatively, where Ah counting during recharge is not available, it is

possible to calculate the required recharge time based upon the

following formula.

Recharge time (hrs) =

((discharged Ah*0.8) / recharge current limit)*2+1

Example

PowerSafe SBS 190F discharge to 80% depth of discharge removes

152Ah. With a current limit of 0.5C10 A (95 Amps), the time to

recharge the battery is:

Time (hrs) = ((152*0.8) / 95)*2+1

= (121.6/95)*2+1

= 1.28*2+1

= 2.56+1

= 3.56hrs

Indication of time to full state of charge using the above formula for

various depths of discharge and current limits is shown in figure 3.

2.17

2.16

2.15

2.14

2.13

2.12

2.11

2.10

100

96

91

87

83

79

74

70

Months

0

612

18

24

30

36

42

48

+40

°C

+30

°C

+25

°C

+20

°C

+10

°C

Figure 1

Depth of Discharge

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

110%

0.1C10 Amps

0.2C10 Amps

0.3C10 Amps

0.5C10 Amps

1C10 Amps

0.1C10A

0.2C10A

0.3C10A

0.5C10A

1.0C10A

Time to Full State of Charge

As a Function of Current Limit and Depth of Discharge

(Recharge 2.40Vpc)

Figure 3

Figure 2

PowerSafe® SBS EON Technology™

Cycle Life as a Function of Depth of Discharge (C10 Rate)

(Charge Using Optimum EON Technology Recommendations)